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Finishing Process of Garments
Noor Ahmed Raaz
B.Sc. in Apparel Manufacturing
Asst. Merchandiser
Opex Sinha Group, Narayongonj
Email: raju.uttara72@yahoo.com
Noor Ahmed Raaz
B.Sc. in Apparel Manufacturing
Asst. Merchandiser
Opex Sinha Group, Narayongonj
Email: raju.uttara72@yahoo.com
Garment Finishing:
Garment finishing through garment wet processing add value to the garments and the additional effects become the clear differentiator. Garment finishing can be used for various applications, be it shirts, trousers or t-shirts, but majority of the effects are most popular for causal wear and denim segment.
PURPOSE OF GARMENT FINISH
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| Garment Finishing |
- Unless any product is characterized by value addition it is now impossible to survive in this highly competitive world market. Processing is important to make a usable but finishing gives value addition to it.
- It makes garments attractive, comfortable & finishing can incorporate desirable properties.
- Finishing is the heart of textile processing.
Value addition = {(Technology) + (Innovation)} x Quality.
The need for competitive strategy that utilizes;
There are two methods of garment finishing.
- Chemical compatibility to provide one-shot multifunctional finishes.
- Cost reduction through process integration and minimizing the consumption of all utilities.
- More environmentally friendly and application method.
- Cost reduction through minimization of effluent treatment cost.
- Improve process control, monitoring and automation.
- Greater innovation in chemical finishes.
- Quick response through right-first-time, right-on end time, right-every-time finishing.
- Finishing of textile fabric is carried out to increase attractiveness and/or serviceability of the fabric.
- Different finishing treatments are available to get various effects, which add value to the basic textile material.
- The domestic readymade garment sector is booming, and garment processing has emerged as one of the important production routes towards meeting quick changing demands of the fashion market
There are two methods of garment finishing.
- Dip process.
- Tumbling process
- Dip the garment inside out in finishing chemical keeping MLR 1:5. Washing machine may be used.
- Rotate the garment for 20 min.
- Hydro extract the garment to 70 to 80% pick up.
- Tumble dry at 70°C to moisture content 10—12 %.
- Turn the garment right side out.
- Iron/steam press the garment to set the creases at desired places.
- Cure at 150—160°C
- In this process the garment are placed (inside out) into a machine with sealed (not perforated) cylinder and application of recipe by either pumping or spraying.
- The drum is turned for 20 min there should not be excessive dripping of chemicals from the garment. If so more tumbling time is allowed.
- This method is being used more and more due to the fact that there is no wastage of chemicals.
- After saturation the garments are hydro extracted tumble dry at 70°C to 10—20 % pick up moisture content.
- The iron and steam press the garments to remove/set creases. Cure at 150—160°C for 8 -10 min.
- MLR should not be less than 1: 0.85 for the garment weighing 600 gm and 1:1 for those weighing more than 600 gm.
- Minimum time of tumbling should be 20 min.
- Tumble rotation speed 20-30 rpm.
- Tumble drying temp. Should not be more than 70°C.
- Moisture retention after drying should be 10-12%.
- It can be achieved by a variety of garment processing techniques which are mainly dependent on physical and on chemical abrasion of the surface dye there by producing different wash down or break-in looks.
- In garment washing the seams, waistband, pockets, cuffs, etc develop a contour, which can be obtained by washing in garment from only.
- Washing down of garments is the latest development in fashion technology. Washing brings out special effects changing the feel and look of garments.
- To influence physical properties such as softness, handle, drape or fall , absorbency, creasing etc.
- To influence appearance by altering the nature of yarn of fabric or lusture.
- To create shrinkage & effects of shrinkage like puckering of garments.
- To create abrasion & related effects.
- To create a trend in fashion with consistent quality & brand image with range of finishes.
- Dispersing agents
- Lubricating agents
- pH regulator
- Anti back staining
- Anti cross staining
- Cationic dye fixing
- Stripping agent
- Optical brighteners
- Cationic & nonionic softeners
- Silicone softeners
- Additives
- Garment stage resin finish
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