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Tools & Techniques of Industrial Engineering
Noor Ahmed Raaz
B.Sc. in Apparel Manufacturing
Asst. Merchandiser
Opex Sinha Group, Narayongonj
Email: raju.uttara72@yahoo.com
B.Sc. in Apparel Manufacturing
Asst. Merchandiser
Opex Sinha Group, Narayongonj
Email: raju.uttara72@yahoo.com
Concept of Industrial Engineering (IE):
Industrial Engineering (IE) is concerned with the design, Improvement, and installation of integrated system of men, material, and machines for the benefit of mankind .It draws upon specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical and physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems.
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The main aim of tools are to improve the productivity of the organization by optimum utilization of organizations resources: men, materials, and machines. The major tools used in industrial engineering are:
- Production planning and control.
- Inventory control.
- Job evaluation.
- Facilitates planning and material handling.
- System analysis.
- Linear programming.
- Simulation.
- Network analysis (PERT, CPM).
- Queuing models.
- Assignment.
- Sequencing and transportation models.
- Games theory and dynamic programming.
- Group technology.
- Statistical techniques.
- Quality control.
- Decision making theory.
- Replacement models.
- Assembly line balancing.
- MRP-JIT-ISO-TQM.etc.
Planning and designing manufacturing processes and equipment is a main aspect of being an industrial technologist. An Industrial Technologist is often responsible for implementing certain designs and processes. Industrial Technology involves the management, operation, and maintenance of complex operation systems. Techniques of industrial engineering are-
Method study:To establish a standard method of performing a job or an operation after thorough analysis of the jobs and to establish the layout of production facilities to have a uniform flow of material without back tracking.
Time study (work measurement): This is a technique used to establish a standard time for a job or for an operation.
Motion Economy: This is used to analyses the motions employed by the operators do the work. The principles of motion economy and motion analysis are very useful in mass production or for short cycle repetitive jobs.
Value Analysis: It ensures that no unnecessary costs are built into the product and it tries to provide the required functions at the minimum cost. Hence, helps to enhance the worth of the product.
Financial and non-financial Incentives: These helps to evolve at a rational compensation for the efforts of the workers.
Production, Planning and Control: This includes the planning for the resources (like men, materials and machine) proper scheduling and controlling production activities to ensure the right quantity, quality of product at predetermined time and pre-established cost.
Inventory Control: To find the economic lot size and the reorder levels for the items so that the item should be made available to the production at the right time and quantity to avoid stock out situation and with minimum capital lock-up.
Job Evaluation: This is a technique which is used to determine the relative worth of jobs of the organization to aid in matching jobs and personnel and to arrive at sound wage policy.
Material Handling Analysis: To scientifically analysis the movement of materials through various departments to eliminate unnecessary movement to enhance the efficiency of material handling.
Ergonomics (Human Engineering): It is concerned with study of relationship between man and his working conditions to minimize mental and physical stress. It is concerned with man-machine system.
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